Artificial tooth.



I. ROSE. ARTIFICIAL TOOTH. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20, 1906.

Patented Oct. 12,1909.

rnnnniaron nosE, on LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.-

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 12, 1909.

Application filed November 20, 1906. Serial No. 344,236.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F REDERIOK Rosn, a subject of the King of England,residing at Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in and Connected with ArtificialTeeth, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to the construction and manner or mode ofmounting or fixing and supporting artificial teeth to dentures, bridges,or crowns; and it has for its objects and effects, primarily, to provideimprovements in connection with such teeth, by which, in case of theirfracture or replacing being necessary, new teeth can be readily fixed tothe denture, bridge, or crown, as the case may be, without injur ing theother teeth, or platenietal, vul canite, or other composition; or, inthe case of a bridge, without removing it from the mouth, or damaging orhurting it or the other teeth on it, or causing serious annoyance orpain to the wearer, or in the case of crowned teeth, of damaging theroot by removal of the pin or other fixing; and, at the same time, itsobject and effect is to enable the workman to utilize flat artificialteeth, such as at present exist and are generally supplied, and suitedto all the various re quirements of dentistry, and generally to improvedentistry as regards the fixing, mounting, and use of artificial teethin the directions referred to, and so obviate the defects or drawbacksdue to the present system of applying new teeth, or replacing brokenones, of which one, the damaging oi destroying or staining of otherteeth in a denture or bridge is of constant occurrence, and another is,deterioration of the strength of a denture of vulcanite, or warping ofthe same when affixing new teeth, or replacing others on it.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, which illustrate it; and the novel characteristics involved inthese drawings and the following description, are set out in theclaiming clauses concluding the specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a back view; Fig. 2 is an outside sideelevation; and Fig. 3 a sectional side elevation showing a toothconstructed according to the invention. Figs. a, 5, and 6 are back view;outside elevation; and sectional elevation of the tooth and denturesupport and fixing device.

Figs. 7 and 8 are back view, and sectional elevation, respectively,showing the modification wherein the fastening pins or fasteners forfixing the teeth to their backing plates, are vertically in line. Fig. 9is a back view of a tooth, and Figs. 10 and 11 respectively, front viewand side view of support or fixing device showing a slightly modifiedconstruction.

Referring now to the drawings, a represents the artificial tooth in allcases. To the back of this artificial tooth a (referring now moreparticularly to Figs. 1 to 3) there is fastened by means of pins 6, suchas are now commonly employed, a plate or strip of metal 0, which hasbetween itself and the tooth-in itself in the case shown a cavity orhole extending up vertically; the pins 6, in cases, as in these figures,where they are horizontal, being one on either side of this hole orcavity, and passing through holes pierced in the plate 0 to receivethem, and riveted or soldered so as to make a good and firm fastening.

The part of the plate 0 in which the cavity or hole referred to isprovided, is marked at, it comprising deep and shallow cavities orgrooves which are pressed out and projecting from the back of the plate,as shown. Then, in connection with the denture,bridge, or crown, as thecase may be, there is employed a stem or prong device, 0 comprising athick and a thin portion (see Figs. at, 5, and 6) extending from a baseplate or projections fof which it or they forms part, and adapted to fitin the said hole or cavities referred to between the back of the tooth aand the plate 0; and in fitting the tooth to the denture, bridge, orcrown, it is slid onto this stem or prong c. The thick portion may beconstituted by a depression in the device as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.

The lower part of the plate 0 marked 0 is provided with laterallyextending recesses, that is, it is made to stand at a certain distancefrom the back surface of the tooth a for its whole width (or it might befor the greater part of its width), and the base or stem plate orprojections f of the prong device is or are so forced or made that it orthey fit into and fill this space or recesses beneath the lower plateportion 0 when the tooth is in position.

The prong and base portionc, f,in the zase shown are made of grooved orchannel form, that is to say in a more or less semitubular form, thisform being produced by stamping or pressing in its manufacture, bysuitable dies; while the plate 0 itself, which is fastened to the backof the tooth, is made out of thin sheet metal of a suitable kind, withthe central vertical internally grooved part (Z, to receive the prong e,and which corresponds internally with the form and size of the prong 6,being formed by stamp ing it out to the shape of the prong. The lowerportion of the prong base of stem plate 7'', at the center, is pressedout from the back, and projects therefrom in a corresponding manner tothe lower portion ofthe part (Z which projects out from the lowerportion of the plate 0.

The groove of the semi-tubular stem or prong ran be filled up and madesolid with metal subseqi'iently to its manufacture, this being effectedin the case shown by a solid piece or pin of metal y, the lower portionof which projects down, and serves to attach the prong device to thedenture, bridge, or crown; the pin or piece 9 being cut away at itsupper part, so as to lie flush with the inner surface of the base andprong, and 0, except at the lower part, as shown; while the upper partof the prong proper 0 will be filled in. with solder, or the like, sothat not only will the inside face of the plate 0 for the greaterportion of its depth be flush, and lie flat on the interior surface ofthe tooth (4 when they are together, but the inside surface of the prongsupporting part will be similarly Flush and lie flat in a channel formedin a portion of the length of the tooth back surface. The toot-h itselfwill be cut away at its lower inner edge, where the upper or beveledportion of the pin or piece comes above the lower edge of the tooth.

The filling in of the prong portion 0, f, as just described, and makingit solid, reinforces or strengthens it; and the fastening portion g ofthe prong device, and its base, will be passed through a hole in, andfastened and fitted to the denture, bridge, or crown, in any suitableway. By this construction of tooth support, it is not only by the stemsor prongs e proper that the tooth is held, but also by the base portionor plate f, above which the stem or prong 0 projects, and by this meansof fixing the support, a very rigid and strong construction is furnishedas well as one which will enable teeth to be replaced with ease, andwithout affecting the other teeth that may be carried by the denture, orthe denture itself.

Referring now to Figs. 7 and 8, which show the construction of tooth inthe case where the metal pins 6 are above one another, that is,vertically in line, such as would be used in the case of narrow teeth,or in any special cases, the plate 0 which is identical with that shownin Figs. 1 to 3, is not fastened directly to the back of, the tooth (Jas in those figures by the pins 7), but is its: tened by solder or thelike to a secondary plate a, which is secured to the back of the toothby the pins Z). Otherwise, there is no difference between thisconstruction and that shown and described with reference to Figs. 1 to3. Or, in lieu of this particular con struction, for use in cases ofnarrow teeth such as referred to, two parallel ways or holes will beprovided in the plate 0, one on each side of the fastening pins 6, andthe carrying part or piece or prong device which is fastened to thedenture, bridge, or crownis correspondingly provided with two stems orprongs instead of one, as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, onto which thetooth slides. The teeth are fastened in position by pressing them overthe prong device, either previously coated with a suitable kind ofcement, c. oxy-chlorid or oxy-phosphate of zinc, or melting into thehole or space be tween the plate 0 and the tooth, sulfur, fusible metal,or the like.

In the modification shown in Figs. 9, l0 and 11, which is particularlyadvantageous for use in connection with narrow teeth or for specialcases, the supporting device for the tooth consists simply of a flatprong or plate 0, which may be assumed to be wider than the prongportion 6 shown in the other figures, and narrower than the base plate7'' of these prong devices; and the pin or part 9 is fixed to this pronge similarly as above described. The pressed out or projecting portion (Zat the back of the tooth in this case, forming the space to receive theprong e, is simply rectangular in form, and made of a size and shape soas to receive the prong part c of the support or holder; the plate 0 inthis case being carried down in contact wit-h the back surface of thetooth, on each side of the part (Z, to the lower edge. In this case,especially if'the tooth be narrow, the pins .7) by which the plate 0 isfastened to the tooth are above the projecting part (Z as shown; andthis part and the prong part c of the support will, in most cases, beshorter than the complete prong device consisting of the parts 6 and fshown in Figs. t to 6.

In the case of bridgework, where two or more teeth are fitted on adenture, as an ad ditional security, a bar-preferably of pin wirc,analogous to that used for the pin 9 herein referred tomay be placedhorizontally along the denture ust behind the plate a of the teeth, asindicated in Fig. 3 in clotted lines, the bar being designated and insuch a case, the lower part of the projecting portion (Z of the plate 0will be bent out as at (Z to lie over this bar a; which is soldered tothe base portion of the prong supports, so as to make a firm and rigidsupport. 7

In some cases, the part 0 will not extend for the full width of theplate 0, in which case the Outer edges of this part 0 will be bent in,and lie fiat against the back of the tooth similarly to the other partof the plate 0; while the part f of the prong device will be made ofcorresponding width to fit in this space.

hat is claimed is 1. In artificial teeth attachments, an artificialtooth, a back plate attached to the rear surface of the tooth having acavity with parallel sides extending approximately half the length ofthe plate from one end; and a device comprising a portion havingparallelsides and fitting into the said cavity, and a projecting pin portion.

2. In artificial teeth attachments, an artificial tooth; a back platefixed to the back of the tooth having a deep cavity and a shallow cavitycommunicating with each other, and having parallel sides, and extendingfrom one end of the plate to about the middle and centrally of theplate; and a device having a portion engaging with the said cavities,and a pin portion.

3. In artificial teeth attachments, an artificial tooth, a plate fixedto the back of the tooth having deep and shallow communicating cavitiesextending from one end of the plate to about the middle of its length,and centrally of the plate, said plate having laterally extendingrecesses on each side of the end of the cavity; and a device engagingwith said cavities and said recesses, and having an outwardly projectingpin portion, substantially as described.

4:. In artificial teeth attachments, an artificial tooth having achannel formed at one end in its rear face, a plate attached to the backof the tooth and having deep and shallow cavities extending from one endto about the middle thereof and centrally of the plate, said plate alsohaving laterally extending recesses on each side of the end cavity; anda device having a portion shaped to correspond to said cavities,recesses and channel, and engaging therewith when the parts areassembled, and a projecting pin portion, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK ROSE.

Vitnesses L. GOODALL, IV. HARRISON.

